One of the important issues in the production of concrete is environmental variability that affects the concrete and elements constructed from this material. Due to the importance of different characteristics of concrete in short- and long-term conditions, this article aims to investigate the influence of Initial temperature conditions of self-compacting concrete on its long-term characteristics and determine the Initial optimal temperature of concrete. For these purposes, several experiments under three temperature conditions of 5, 20, and 40 degree-of-Celsius were conducted to evaluate the rheology and mechanical properties of fresh concrete in the range of 7 and 28 days. In these experiments, alternative mineral admixtures of cement such as micro-silica, fly ash, and zeolite were used to build the concrete specimens. Results demonstrate that the mechanical properties of the specimens increase with increasing Initial temperature in the short term, while such properties significantly decrease in the long term compared to the specimens constructed under lower Initial temperature. Moreover, the fluidity of self-compacting concrete increases with increasing Initial temperature.

One of the requirements and guarantees of the principle of neutrality is to conduct preliminary Investigations by an independent judge and to distinguish the prosecutor from the investigating authority.In this regard,the investigator entered the structure of the department of justice and the prosecutor's powers were prosecuted as a party to the limited criminal proceedings.Although the principle of impartiality and the necessity of observance of it in Article 3 of the Criminal Procedure Code of our country have been emphasized,but its requirements and aspects Particularly in the preliminary stage of the preliminary investigation, officials have been neglected.In the same way, prosecutors still have the power to investigate and arrest the defendants in a large number of crimes and the investigator does not have complete independence in conducting Investigations.Moreover,despite the adoption of the judiciary system,in some crimes and in the courts of the section,the system of public courts (all stages of proceedings by the judge of the unit( are applied,which is contrary to the principle of neutrality.In this article, the principle of neutrality and its components in the preliminary investigation and the degree of adherence of the legislator of our country to the requirements of this principle have been analyzed.

One of the aspects of the fair trial, along with the principles of “ respect for human rights” and “ respect for ethics” , is the existence of a proper structure in the process of criminal procedure. Structurally, two models are currently closed and open to criminal proceedings in different countries. In closed packages, an officer in the preliminary investigation stage (prosecution stage) is not in a position to exercise judicial remedies that conflicts with the right of individuals to privacy and their freedom (such as the inspection of homes and interim detention orders), and actions the above is available to an independent and impartial judiciary who has not been involved in conducting Investigations and gathering grounds for crime. While in the open pattern, the investigating officer will decide on the above actions. The International Criminal Court model is a closed model because the prosecutor of the court in the above acts is under the supervision of an institution called the “ Elementary Branch” , while the Iranian pattern has always been an open pattern. The Code of Criminal Procedure, approved in 2013, is also emphasized on the open model. The realization of fair trial standards as well as the global tendency towards a model of the package requires the creation of a closed model in Iran, and the International Criminal Court model is considered to be an appropriate criminal procedure design for Iran.

A microgravity investigation was conducted on an excavated foundation located in the Technical University of Tehran. The aim was the detection of subsurface cavities or other anomalous conditions that threaten the stability of the foundation. The survey consists of 420 gravity stations. The positive coarse grain alluvium saturated by surplus water and negative cavity anomalies have been detected based on the Bouguer and second vertical derivative maps. The depth of the sources has also been determined. To confirm the results an inversion 2D-modelling is also applied to residual anomalies. Some of the shallow accessible anomalies have been confirmed in the field by excavation.

There are different terms in use for different typs of medical study designs and trials.Translating these terms in to Farsi, needs special care avoiding misinterpretations This article asks medical investigators attention to focus on the real features of different concepts.The main study designs such as surveys, case-control, cohort and interventional trials are discussed briefly. At the end suggestions are made in choosing the right analysis for each design appropriately. Their major strengths and weaknesses are also mentioned.

The proportionality of penalties with the personality and characteristics of convicts is one of the basic principles of many criminal systems. Nowadays, the pay attention to this principle is important in criminal procedure rules. Considering this issue in preliminary Investigations is very important in the rules of criminal procedure. Objectives such as summoning, catching, accusing, interrogating and issuing custodial sentences are important issues in the preliminary investigation phase. One of the groups that require a differential pre-trial in the research phase is the accused patients. The question that comes to mind is what the status of the patient's accused at the pre-trial stage is? Shall we consider a differential Criminal Procedure? Does the legislator already have a differential criminal policy in this regard? This research, evaluates the different aspects of the criminal procedure Act 2013, examines the capacity of the present law to apply a differential criminal policy. The Criminal Procedure Act 2013, in many cases, seeks to differentiate the status of patients in the research phase. This study suggests that, with respect to the accused patients and the requirements of the criminal procedure in the preparatory phase of research, legislator should strengthen the differentiation of the procedure based on criminological teachings concurrent to the dignity of the patients.